The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is a long (by its body compared to
the legs), low to the ground dog. Its back is actually not longer than those of
most dogs’; their legs are just very short in comparison. The skull is wide and
flat between the ears. The stop is moderate. The topline is level. The nose is
black and the jaw meets in a scissors bite. The oval eyes are shades of brown
depending on the dog’s coat color. The eye rims are black. The erect ears are
medium in size, tapering slightly to a rounded point. The legs are very short.
The feet are oval in shape. Dewclaws are usually removed. The dog is sometimes
born with no tail, and is docked as short as possible when it does have a tail.
Note: it is illegal to dock tails in most parts of Europe. The double coat has
a short, thick, weather resistant undercoat with a longer, coarser outer coat.
Some Corgis are born with longer coats called the "fluffy Corgi" or
"longhaired Corgi." These dogs do not make the written standard and
cannot be shown. Coat colors include red, sable, fawn, black and tan with white
markings. There are often white markings on the legs, chest, neck and parts of
the muzzle.
Some differences between the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the
Cardigan Welsh Corgi is that the Pembroke's tail is often bobbed or cropped at
birth. Cropping tails is illegal in a lot of countries, and even in countries
where it is legal, a lot of people opt out of cutting of the tail leaving it
natually long. Whereas the Cardigan natually has a long tail and cropping the
tail is not accepted in the written standard. The Pembroke usually has
straighter legs as it is not quite as long-bodied as a Cardigan; the Pembroke's
head is generally more wedge-shaped; the ears are smaller and closer together
than the Cardigan’s; also the Pembroke tends to be lighter than the Cardigan.
History
In medieval times, the kings of Europe advertised their
majesty to their subjects and visiting emissaries by the richness of their
possessions. Carpets, textiles, and tapestries were important factors in these
displays of conspicuous consumption.
The era’s best weavers were centered in Flanders, now
northern Belgium. It was common for monarchs to stage talent raids to induce
Flemish weavers to relocate to their kingdoms. So it was that in the year 1107,
Henry I of Britain invited a community of these master craftsmen to live and work
in the southwestern Wales. The weavers accepted Henry’s invitation and brought
all they needed to re-create their agrarian way of life in their new homeland.
This included the dogs they bred to herd cattle and sheep. These sturdy,
short-legged herders were the foundation for the breed we now know as the
Pembroke Welsh Corgi.
The Pembroke has been a distinctly separate breed from his
cousin the Cardigan Welsh Corgi since the late 1800s, but the two breeds often
intermingled in the old Welsh breeding centers of Pembrokeshire and
Cardiganshire. Today, the most noticeable differences between the breeds are
the ears (the Pembroke’s are pointed and erect, the Cardi’s rounded) and the
tail (the Cardi tale is much longer than the Pembroke’s).
The world’s most famous Pembroke fan is Elizabeth II. The
queen got her first Pembroke, Dookie, in 1933 and has not been without one or
more since.
Personality
Pembroke Welsh corgis are known for their quick intelligence
and forceful will. They are active, animated dogs and do not ever want to be
left out of the action. In their own minds, they are big dogs in small bodies.
These dogs still handle livestock much larger than they are,
and to do so use speed, a quick nip and sheer determination. As all-around farm
dogs, corgis undoubtedly hunted vermin and guarded the homestead as well as
herding livestock. Corgis need exercise and training with a firm but kind hand
to make the most of their talents.
Corgis can be prone to excessive alarm barking and to
digging or chewing if left alone too much or not exercised enough. They want to
be part of the family and do not do well left in kennels. Most corgis are fine
with other pets and children if they have been raised with them. Beware that
they will sometimes chase and nip at the heels of small running children
because of their herding instincts.
Grooming
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is a wash-and-go dog. He has a
medium-length double coat that should be brushed or combed at least weekly to
control shedding. The coat sheds heavily twice a year, in spring and fall and
will require extra brushing during that time.
The Pembroke’s coat should never be extremely long with lots
of feathering on the ears, chest, legs, feet, belly, and rear end. Dogs with
that type of coat are known as “fluffies.” Some breeders may try to market
fluffies as being rare or suggest that the coat can be trimmed, but don’t get
sucked in by those tactics. There’s never any need to trim a Pembroke’s coat
except to occasionally neaten the feet.
Bathe the Pembroke only when he gets dirty or as often as
you like. With the gentle dog shampoos available today, you can bathe a
Pembroke weekly if you want without harming his coat.
The rest is basic care. Trim the nails as needed, usually
every week or two. Don’t let them get so long that you can hear them clicking
on the floor. Brush the teeth with a vet-approved pet toothpaste for overall
good health and fresh breath.
CARE & HEALTH
HOW MUCH DO PEMBROKE WELSH CORGIS SHED AND WHAT ARE THEIR
GROOMING NEEDS?
They don't need much fancy grooming, but their coarse,
weatherproof coats do tend to shed heavily. Plan to brush them weekly — more
frequently if they're shedding. Bathe as needed.
WHAT HEALTH PROBLEMS DO PEMBROKE WELSH CORGIS HAVE?
This is a sturdy and generally healthy breed. Some are prone
to eye disease or hip dysplasia. They are also susceptible to spinal problems,
epilepsy, and progressive paralysis. Many of these problems can be prevented by
working with a reputable breeder if you purchase and discussing your desire to
add one to your home with your veterinarian. Pembroke Welsh Corgis will get a
bit chubby if you let them, so be mindful about meals and snacks.
Temperament
Both the Pembroke and Cardigan Welsh Corgis are smart,
loyal, loving, and eager to please. Thanks to their origins as working dogs,
they’re very active and protective of their loved ones; however they have also
been known to try to herd people by nipping at their feet. They make great
watchdogs and guard dogs due to their tendency to vocalise and will alert you
to the presence of a stranger.
They are great with kids, since they’re small and gentle yet
very sturdy and can withstand rough play. When socialised from a young age,
Corgis can get along very well with other dogs.
It is important for Corgi owners not to let their dog
develop Small Dog Syndrome, a human-induced behavioural problem in which the
dog believes it is dominant because its family showers it with more attention
than they might with a larger dog.
Children and Other Pets
Pembroke have a remarkable affinity for children, but
thanks to their herding instincts, they sometimes nip at children's feet or ankles.
Pems are eager learners, though, and can be trained out of this behavior at a
young age. As with every breed, you should always teach children how to
approach and touch dogs, and always supervise any interactions between dogs and
young children to prevent any biting or ear or tail pulling on the part of
either party. Teach your child never to approach any dog while he's eating or
sleeping or to try to take the dog's food away. No dog, no matter how friendly,
should ever be left unsupervised with a child. They usually are good with other
pets in the household, so long as they have been socialized with them.
Interesting Facts
- The Welsh legend says that the Pembroke Welsh Corgi dog breed evolved from the lairs of elves and fairies, and were the mounts of the fairies, and the marks on their backs were said to be the mark where the fairies would put their saddles.
- They have been given the eleventh position in terms of smartness in Stanley Coren’s “The Intelligence of Dogs“.
- In the year 2011, it attained the accolade of becoming the twenty-fifth most popular dog.
- Britain’s Queen Elizabeth II was gifted with a female Pembroke Welsh Corgi ‘Lucy’ by her father, King George VI in the year 1933, and since then, the queen has raised almost 30 dogs through its offspring generations of these corgis, which is still her favorite breed.
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